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Dublin Penny Journal
The ''Dublin Penny Journal'' was a weekly newspaper, and later series of published volumes, originating from Dublin, Ireland, between 1832 and 1836. Published each Saturday, by J. S. Folds, George Petrie and Caesar Otway, the ''Dublin Penny Journal'' concerned itself with matters of Irish history, legend, topography and Irish identity – illustrating itself with a number of maps and wood-cuts. While originally a paper of low-circulation – numbering only a few thousand in its first edition – the ''Dublin Penny Journal''s popularity led to increased productivity. By the cessation of publication in 1836, 206 works had been published in four volumes,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Dublin Penny Journal (20091338) - Overview )〕 and were sold wholesale in London, Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, Edinburgh, Glasgow, New York, Philadelphia, Boston and Paris.
==History==
The first edition of the ''Dublin Penny Journal'' was published on June 30, 1832 – three years after the Irish Roman Catholic Emancipation and during the tenure of Daniel O'Connell.〔 It featured on its front page an illustration of "The Custom House and Harbour of Dublin" and its first article, "Historical Notive of the City of Dublin". Other articles of the first publication included "the Age of Brass", "Agriculture", "A Visit to the Gardens of the Zoological Society of Dublin, "Account of a Pestilence that raged in Ireland in the Year 1348" written by John Clyn, a friar from Kilkenny, and a collection of "Legends and Stories of Ireland". The next 26 publications were printed through until December 29,〔 forming 216 pages of journal which would be assembled into the first of four volumes by June 25, 1833.〔 The inclusion of several pieces of Irish culture, heritage and legend attracted a number of nationalist works; including Terence O'Toole's ''National Emblems'' which opened the second publication on July 7 with "Sir - Your wood-cut is, to my apprehension, as full of meaning to an Irishman, as any emblematic device I have seen. It represents peculiar marks or tokens or Ireland, which are dear to my soul."〔 The preface to the first volume of all publications between 1832–1833 discussed that the volumes were "calculated to effect a public good... by exciting a national and concordant feeling in a country in which there is, as yet, so much of discord and party."〔 By 1833, the journal had expanded to include more writers, such as C. P. Meehan, Philip Dixon Hardy, James Clarence Mangan, and John O'Donovan. Mangan in particular worked to translate German sources for the journal, and wrote letters under a pseudonym discussing the difficulties of the Irish language.〔
The ''Dublin Penny Journal'' continued to publish volumes through until 1836. From the 53rd publication on July 6, 1833, a second volume was compiled – containing all publications from then to the 104th on June 28, 1834.〔 This was published in June 1834 from the newly acquired Penny Journal Office in Dublin and featured a harp and crown on the cover, cast above various items of Irish symbolism, including weapons and shamrocks. Numbers 105 –156; July 5, 1834 – June 27, 1835 respectively, formed the third volume of the ''Dublin Penny Journal'' in June 1835, covered with another harp and other Irish symbolism and under the editor Philip Dixon Hardy. The preface took note of Lord Chancellor Brougham, then Lord High Chancellor of England's comments that an inexpensive journal could not be produced for widespread circulation; and made point to state "we have performed it." Numbers 157 to 208, between July 4, 1835 and June 25, 1836, formed the fourth and final volume.〔
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